Combined telegraphy and telephony



(No Model.)

W. W. JACQUES. COMBINED TELEGRAPHY AND TELEPHONY.

No. 485,279. Patented Nov. 1, 1892.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM W. JACQUES, OF NEWTON, ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICAN BELL TELEPHONECOMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

COMBINED TELEGRAPHY AND TELEPHONY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 485,279, dated November1, 1892.

Application filed April 8, 1892. Serial No. 428,339- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM W. JACQUES, residing at Newton, in thecounty of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certainImprovements in Combined Telegraphy and Telephony, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The invention relates to the use of the same or neighboring line-wiresfor both telegraphing and telephoning; and its principal featureconsists in the employment, in a telegraph-circuit between the main-linewire and the source of electric energy of the telegraph apparatus, of acombined electrostatic inductive resistance and electromagneticinductive resistance whereby electric disturbance of thetelephone-current by the telegraph-current is prevented, whether the twocurrents travel the same or adjoining line-wires. Where the same line isused for both telegraph and telephone, an additional advantageous effectresults from the employment of the combined resistances in diminishingthe waste of telephone energy. Either the electrostatic inductiveresistance or the electro-magnetic inductive resistance by itself,without the other in the telegraph-circuit, will diminish thedisturbance in the telephonecircuit that would be occasioned by thetelegraph-circuit if neither resistance were inserted; but I believethat it is only by the employment of both of said resistances in thetelegraph-circuit that the click of the telegraph apparatus becomesinaudible in the telephone-circuit. Moreover, whereas if but one of thesaid resistances be employed in the telegraph-circuit the responses ofthe relay at the farther end of the line to the signals transmitted areso sluggish that telegraphy is with difficulty practiced with sufficientrapidity for ordinary purposes. No substantial delay results in sendingand receiving telegraph-signals if both of said resistances be employed.

The invention consists, further, in combinations and sub-combinationsemploying said combined resistances, as hereinafter set forth.

The electrostatic inductive resistance used in practicing this inventionis generally known to electricians as the Muirhead condenser. In thisdescription I retain the name under which the instrument is manufacturedand sold by its inventor. The electro-magnetic inductive resistancewhich I have used consists of a coil of wire in the circuit, surroundinga bundle of wires, as a core. The addition of an electromagneticinductive resistance of one hundred ohms resistance and ten thousandohms apparent resistance to a Muirhead condenser of one hundred ohmsresistance and ten lnicrofarads capacity will produce an instrument thatwill prevent interference between any telegraph and telephone circuits.An instrument embracing such a combination of inductive resistances isimpermeable to telephone-currents, and, while easily permeable to atelegraph-current, takes out of a telegraph-cue rent that property byvirtue of which it may set up disturbing induced currents in telephoneswherever placed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a diagramillustrating the application of myinvention to two line-wires which are employed separately for thetransmission of telegraph-signals and together for the simultaneoustransmission of telephonesignals. Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating theapplication of my invention to a single line-Wire employed for thesimultaneous transmission of telegraph and telephone signals and sounds.Fig. 3 represents a grounded telephone-circuit in the neighborhood ofone or both of the circuits of the other figures.

The same letters represent like parts in the same or different figures,numerals being added to the letters to indicate the different electriccircuits and the wires and apparatus respectively pertaining thereto.The apparatus shown at one end of a line-wire is the duplicate ofapparatus shown at the other end.

L and L are two line-wires.

K and K are keys for transmitting telegraph-signals.

B and B are batteries, and R and R are relays or receivers oftelegraph-signals.

E and E are electromagnetic inductive resistances, and S and S areMuirhead condensers or electrostatic inductive resistances.

T represents a set of telephone apparatus, including variable contacttransmitter, receiver, battery, &c. As usual in such cases,

the Bell hand-telephone is shown as the symbol for said group oftelephone apparatus, and under some conditions the said hand-telephonewould answer the purposes of this invention.

The two sets of telephone apparatus T T are in a metallic circuit, theirconnectingwires Z and Z making connection with the main-line wires L andL at j and j respectively. Condensers O are placedin each of thetelephone-wires Z and Z as shown. The resistances E and E and S and Sare placed between the junctions j and j above mentioned, and thetelegraph apparatus of their respective lines; but for the purposes ofthis invention they might be located between the batteries B B and themake-and-break contact-points of the respective keys K K 0 is anordinary condenser, and G is a ground in all the figures.

L is an independent line wire with a grounded telephone T at each end.

In the operation of the apparatus thus far described the line-wires Land L are used independently of each other for transmitting andreceiving telegraph-signals, and, along with the two loops Z Z Z Z theyform a metallic circuit, over which telephony is practiced at the sametime. The combination of resistances E and S or E and S each combinationin its own line and at the end of the line from which thetelegraph-signals are sent, so smooths or rounds oft" those signals thatthey are not heard in either of the two telephones T T, and for the samereason telegraph-signals made in the lines L and L will not be heard inthe telephones T T of the independent telephone-line L nor in thetelegraph and telephone line L that is, supposing that the severallines, L L L and L" (shown in the several figures) are neighboringlines. The condensers O prevent the batterycurrents from passing throughthe telephones. Magneto-generators may be employed in place of thebatteries.

L is an independent line-wire having-at each end apparatus similar tothat already described, consisting of battery B telegraphkey K relay orreceiver R, an electrostatic inductive resistance S and electro-magneticinductive resistances E E At each end, also, T is a telephone groundedin a branch line Z connected with the main line atj and containing acondenser 0. Description of the mode of operation of line L isunnecessary.

In all the lines L, L and L, used for simultaneous telegraphy andtelephony, two electro-magnetic inductive resistances are shown incombination with an electrostatic inductive resistance. Two, placed asshown one on each side of the electrostatic resistance-are better thanone; but one will give good results. If, however, but oneelectromagnetic inductive resistance is used, it should be placedbetween the electrostatic inductive resistance and the telephone.

It perhaps should be observed that the combination of an electrostaticinductive r'e sistance and an electro-magnetic inductive resistance inany of the lines would have the same effect to prevent the telegraphapparatus of that line from disturbing telephones of another line ifthere were no telephone connected with the line containing the saidcombination of resistances, and in no case is it material upon whichside of the make-andbreak contact-point of the key the said combinationof resistances is placed. It is only essential that it be placed betweenthe battery and the junction of the telephonebranch wire or loop withthe line-wire, or, if there be no such branch or loop, between thebattery and that portion of the main-line wire lying in the neighborhoodof other telephone-lines.

In some instances the electromagnetic inductive resistance may beembodied in a telegraph-sounder.

It is obvious that it will be within this invention to use but one ofthe line-wires L L for telegraph purposes. In such case the telegraphapparatus and the resistances may be omitted on the other line.

The telegraph apparatus shown in Fig. l is provided with groundedcontacts 0 0 which in operation, respectively, are transiently closedafter the breaking of the battery-contacts b b and before the closing ofthe relaycontacts 6 e to cause the charge on the line to pass to earth.Where the same line, with the interposition of the combined inductiveresistances, as above described, is used for simultaneous long-distancetelegraphy and long-distance telephony, this earth contact of thetelegraph-key is often of great advantage.

I claim- 1. The combination of an electrostatic inductive resistance andan electro-magnetic inductive resistance in an electric circuit,substantially as described.

2. The combination, wit-h a telegraph linewire at each end, of telegraphapparatus, and an electrostatic inductive resistance, and anelectro-magnetic inductive resistance, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with a line-wire, telegraph apparatus at each end ofsaid line-wire, grounded branch wires, and telephone apparatus andcondensers in said branch wires, of, also at each end of said line-wire,an electrostatic inductive resistance and electro-magnetie inductiveresistance between the source of electric energy of the telegraphapparatus and the junction of the said line-wire with one of said branchwires, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with two line-wires and telegraph apparatus at eachend of one or bot-h, two telephone-loops, and telephone apparatus andcondensers in said loops, of an electrostatic inductive resistance andan electro-magnetic inductive resistance interposed at each end of oneor both of said line-wires between the source of electrical energy ofthe telegraph apparatus at that end and the junccombined electrostaticand electro-magnetic inductive resistances between the sources ofelectrical energy in said telegraph apparatus and the junctions, oreither of them, of said 20 telephone-circuit and said line wire orwires, the transmitting-keys of said telegraph apparatus being eachprovided with battery-relay and earth contacts, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I have signed my 25 name to this specification, inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 5th day of April, 1892.

WILLIAM W. JACQUES. Witnesses:

GEo. WILLIS PIERCE, JOSEPH A. GATELY.

